ANSI/CAN/UL 9540A:2025

Scope 1.1 The test methodology in this Standard determines the capability of a battery technology to undergo thermal runaway and then evaluates the fire and explosion hazard characteristics of those battery energy storage systems that have demonstrated a capability to undergo thermal runaway. 1.2 The data generated will be used to support the manufacturer’s installation instructions with regards to separation between individual battery energy storage systems and determine the fire and explosion protection required for an installation of a battery energy storage system intended for installation, operation and maintenance in accordance with: a) The Standard for the Installation of Stationary Energy Storage Systems, NFPA 855; b) The National Electrical Code, NFPA 70; c) The Fire Code, NFPA 1; d) The Standard for Energy Storage Systems and Equipment, UL 9540; e) The Canadian Electrical Code, Part I, Safety Standard for Electrical Installations, CSA C22.1; f) The General Requirements – Canadian Electrical Code, Part II, CSA C22.2 No. 0; g) The National Electrical Safety Code, IEEE C2; h) The International Fire Code, ICC IFC; i) The International Residential Code, ICC IRC; and j) Other codes affecting energy storage systems. 1.3 Fire protection requirements not related to battery energy storage system equipment are covered by appropriate installation codes. 1.4 See Figure 1.1 for a schematic of the test sequence in this Standard. See Annex A which explains: a) The purpose of the tests included in this Standard; b) Explanation of individual tests; and c) Interpretation and application of the results.