CAN/CSA-A257 Series-09

Preface This is the fifth edition of CSA A257 Series, Standards for concrete pipe and manhole sections. It supersedes the previous editions published in 2003, 1992, 1982, and 1974. A257.0-09 Methods for determining physical properties of circular precast concrete pipe, manhole sections, catch basins, and fittings Scope 1.1 This Standard applies to circular precast concrete pipe, manhole (maintenance hole) sections, and accessories intended for (a) use as sewer pipe for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water; and (b) the construction of culverts. 1.2 This Standard describes the following procedures for testing circular precast concrete pipe, manhole sections, and joints: (a) three-edge-bearing test (see Clause 4); (b) concrete compression tests (see Clause 5); (c) absorption test (see Clause 6); (d) hydrostatic test (see Clause 7); (e) flat slab top test (see Clause 8); and (f) manhole step tests (see Clause 9). 1.3 This Standard does not apply to cast-in-place elements or to non-circular precast concrete pipe, manhole, or catch basin sections. 1.4 In CSA Standards, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and "can" is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application. A257.1-09 Non-reinforced circular concrete culvert, storm drain, sewer pipe, and fittings Scope 1.1 This Standard applies to non-reinforced circular concrete pipe and accessories intended for (a) use as sewer pipe for the conveyance of industrial wastes and storm water; and (b) the construction of culverts. Note: This Standard is applicable to manufacture and purchase only. 1.2 This Standard establishes the following three strength classifications of non-reinforced concrete pipe and gives their physical and dimensional requirements: (a) Class 1; (b) Class 2; and (c) Class 3. 1.3 This Standard establishes the designated internal diameter as the diameter used to identify the pipe. 1.4 This Standard does not apply to pipe that is intended to be used for jacking longitudinally in tunnel operations. Such pipe is provided for in CSA A257.2. Note: Absence of specific requirements in this Standard is not intended to preclude the manufacture and use of non-reinforced concrete jacking pipe. 1.5 This Standard does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or the relationship between field load conditions and the strength classification of the pipe. Note: Experience has shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the strength classification of the pipe, the type of bedding and backfill, and the care taken in the field construction work. The owner of the concrete pipe specified in this Standard is cautioned of the necessity to properly correlate the field requirements with the strength classification of the specified pipe and to provide adequate inspection at the construction site. 1.6 This Standard does not apply to cast-in-place elements or to non-circular precast concrete pipe, manhole, or catch basin sections. 1.7 In CSA Standards, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and "can" is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses A257.2-09 Reinforced circular concrete culvert, storm drain, sewer pipe, and fittings Scope 1.1 This Standard applies to reinforced circular concrete pipe and accessories intended for (a) use as sewer pipe for the conveyance of sewage, industrial waste, and storm water; and (b) the construction of culverts. Note: This Standard is applicable to manufacture and purchase only. 1.2 This Standard applies to pipe that is intended to be used for jacking longitudinally in tunnel operations. Note: Such pipe might require special design to withstand the anticipated longitudinal loading and the owner should inform the manufacturer when pipes are to be so used. 1.3 This Standard establishes the following four strength classifications of reinforced concrete pipe and gives their physical and dimensional requirements: (a) 50 D; (b) 65 D; (c) 100 D; and (d) 140 D. 1.4 This Standard establishes the designated internal diameter as the diameter used to identify the pipe. 1.5 This Standard does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or the relationship between field load conditions and the strength classification of the pipe. Note: Experience has shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the strength classification of the pipe, the type of bedding and backfill, and care taken in the field construction work. The owner of the reinforced concrete pipe and jacking pipe specified in this Standard is cautioned of the necessity to properly correlate the field requirements with the strength classification of the specified pipe and to provide adequate inspection at the construction site. 1.6 This Standard does not apply to cast-in-place elements or to non-circular precast concrete pipe, manhole, or catch basin sections. 1.7 In CSA Standards, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and "can" is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application. A257.3-09 Joints for circular concrete sewer and culvert pipe, manhole sections, and fittings using rubber gaskets Scope 1.1 This Standard applies to circular precast concrete pipe, manhole (maintenance hole) sections, and accessories intended for (a) use as sewer pipe for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water; and (b) the construction of culverts. 1.2 This Standard specifies the design and performance requirements for flexible watertight joints for circular concrete sewer and culvert pipe, precast manhole sections, and fittings using rubber gaskets for sealing the joints where infiltration or exfiltration is a factor in the design. 1.3 This Standard specifies the requirements for rubber gaskets to be used with pipe, manhole sections, catch basins, and fittings. 1.4 This Standard does not apply to cast-in-place elements or to non-circular precast concrete pipe, manhole, or catch basin sections. 1.5 In CSA Standards, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and "can" is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application. A257.4-09 Precast reinforced circular concrete manhole sections, catch basins, and fittings Scope 1.1 This Standard applies to precast reinforced circular concrete manhole (maintenance hole) sections, including base sections, riser sections, catch basins, and appurtenances such as grade rings, tops, and special sections for (a) use in the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water; and (b) the construction of culverts. Note: This Standard is applicable to manufacture and purchase only, not to installation. 1.2 This Standard applies to precast concentric cone, eccentric cone, and flat slab type tops. 1.3 This Standard applies to precast base riser sections with separate base slab, precast base sections with integral floor, and precast base sections with precast benched inverts. Note: Experience has shown that the successful performance of these products depends upon the proper selection of the design of the sections, the type of bedding and backfill, and the care taken in the field construction work. The owner is cautioned of the necessity to properly correlate the field requirements with the design requirements specified and to provide adequate inspection at the construction site. 1.4 This Standard does not apply to cast-in-place elements or to non-circular precast concrete pipe, manhole, or catch basin sections. 1.5 In CSA Standards, "shall" is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; "should" is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; "may" is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and "can" is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.